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Scanner from HOSTGLOBAL.PLUS (UK) probes 130 URLs for exposed .env files using 12,000+ rotating User-Agents; August 2025 CVE trends

1 fonte(s) · 1 atualização(ões) · publicado 15/09/2025 16:28 · coletado há 1 dia

F5 Labs, with Efflux sensor telemetry, profiled a persistent information-disclosure scanner operating from 78.153.140.203 in a netblock of AS202306 (HOSTGLOBAL.PLUS LTD), a UK ISP. The IP was first seen on 10 January 2025, vanished on 10 April, and returned on 11 July 2025. It scans 130 unique URLs: 80.23% are variations of /.env, 11.45% are phpinfo.php variations and the rest target other accidental credential or information disclosure. The scanner rotates more than 12,723 unique User-Agent strings, mostly mimicking browsers. Some contain scraping artifacts such as "More Firefox 1.0 user agents strings -->>", which let F5 link five IPs in August 2025. The report also lists the top exploited CVEs of August 2025, led by CVE-2017-9841 (PHPUnit RCE) with over 47,000 attempts.

Technical Details

  • Scanner IPs in August 2025 (same netblock): 78.153.140.151, .177, .179, .203, .223. Activity from this netblock goes back to November 2023.
  • 12 of 95 vendors flag 78.153.140.203 as malicious on VirusTotal. AbuseIPDB scores it 100% malicious, mostly for /.env scanning.
  • URL set changed over time: a large increase in February 2025, 46 URLs (mostly capitalization variants like /Upload/.env) removed in March, then more unique URLs after the July return. /.aws/credentials was removed in March and re-added in August.
  • User-Agents were seen across 44 sensors, mostly used once. Most begin with Mozilla; the shortest is Opera/9.12 (Windows NT 5.0; U).
  • Trending CVEs in August 2025: CVE-2017-9841 (PHPUnit RCE), CVE-2023-1389 (TP-Link Archer AX21 command injection), CVE-2019-9082 (ThinkPHP), CVE-2024-4577 (PHP-CGI argument injection), CVE-2022-24847 (GeoServer JNDI). Also in the top 10: CVE-2022-42475, CVE-2022-22947, CVE-2020-8958.

Remediation

  • Block web access to sensitive paths such as .env, phpinfo.php and .aws/credentials, and enforce good secrets discipline for developers.
  • Patch and harden the exposed software above (PHPUnit, TP-Link Archer AX21, ThinkPHP, PHP-CGI, GeoServer); replace compromised TP-Link devices.
  • Use the distinctive User-Agent artifacts and the netblock for detection and labeling.

6 exploits públicos

Há código de exploração publicado no Exploit-DB para CVE-2024-4577, CVE-2023-1389, CVE-2022-22947 e outros. O código não é reproduzido aqui: o link leva à fonte, e a explicação foi escrita pela IA a partir do arquivo publicado.

  1. exploit-db.com · EDB-52331 ↗ · aplicação web · php · pub. 15/06/2025 não verificado

    PHP CGI Module 8.3.4 - Remote Code Execution (RCE)

    This script exploits CVE-2024-4577, an argument injection flaw in PHP running as CGI on Windows, where a soft hyphen in the query string is turned into a dash and lets the attacker pass configuration options to the interpreter. It needs only network access to an exposed php-cgi executable, with no login or user interaction. The options make PHP run code sent in the request body, giving command execution as the web server user. It looks like a working exploit with multi-host scanning and an interactive shell.

    CVE-2024-4577 · autor: İbrahimsql · explicação gerada por IA
  2. exploit-db.com · EDB-51677 ↗ · remoto · hardware · pub. 10/08/2023 não verificado

    TP-Link Archer AX21 - Unauthenticated Command Injection

    This script exploits CVE-2023-1389, a command injection in the web interface of the TP-Link Archer AX21, where the country setting of the locale handler reaches a shell unsanitized. The attacker needs only network reach to the router's web interface, no login, and firmware older than 1.1.4 Build 20230219. Sending the crafted request twice runs commands as root, and here it opens a reverse shell to the attacker. It is a short but working proof of concept that matches the listed CVE.

    CVE-2023-1389 · autor: Voyag3r · explicação gerada por IA
  3. exploit-db.com · EDB-50799 ↗ · aplicação web · java · pub. 07/03/2022 não verificado

    Spring Cloud Gateway 3.1.0 - Remote Code Execution (RCE)

    The script abuses Spring Cloud Gateway's actuator management interface, which lets a remote user create and refresh routes. It plants a route whose filter value is evaluated as a Spring expression, running an operating system command on the server and returning the output. It needs only network access to an exposed actuator without authentication, on versions before 3.0.7 or 3.1.1 (tested on 3.1.0). It is a working exploit that matches CVE-2022-22947 and cleans up its route afterward.

    CVE-2022-22947 · autor: Carlos E. Vieira · explicação gerada por IA

Linha do tempo

  1. f5.com ↗ · pub. 15/09/2025 16:28 · coletado 19/10 18:02 primeiro registro

    Scanner from HOSTGLOBAL.PLUS (UK) probes 130 URLs for exposed .env files using 12,000+ rotating User-Agents; August 2025 CVE trends

    ler a análise desta fonte

    F5 Labs, with Efflux sensor telemetry, profiled a persistent information-disclosure scanner operating from 78.153.140.203 in a netblock of AS202306 (HOSTGLOBAL.PLUS LTD), a UK ISP. The IP was first seen on 10 January 2025, vanished on 10 April, and returned on 11 July 2025. It scans 130 unique URLs: 80.23% are variations of /.env, 11.45% are phpinfo.php variations and the rest target other accidental credential or information disclosure. The scanner rotates more than 12,723 unique User-Agent strings, mostly mimicking browsers. Some contain scraping artifacts such as "More Firefox 1.0 user agents strings -->>", which let F5 link five IPs in August 2025. The report also lists the top exploited CVEs of August 2025, led by CVE-2017-9841 (PHPUnit RCE) with over 47,000 attempts.

    Technical Details

    • Scanner IPs in August 2025 (same netblock): 78.153.140.151, .177, .179, .203, .223. Activity from this netblock goes back to November 2023.
    • 12 of 95 vendors flag 78.153.140.203 as malicious on VirusTotal. AbuseIPDB scores it 100% malicious, mostly for /.env scanning.
    • URL set changed over time: a large increase in February 2025, 46 URLs (mostly capitalization variants like /Upload/.env) removed in March, then more unique URLs after the July return. /.aws/credentials was removed in March and re-added in August.
    • User-Agents were seen across 44 sensors, mostly used once. Most begin with Mozilla; the shortest is Opera/9.12 (Windows NT 5.0; U).
    • Trending CVEs in August 2025: CVE-2017-9841 (PHPUnit RCE), CVE-2023-1389 (TP-Link Archer AX21 command injection), CVE-2019-9082 (ThinkPHP), CVE-2024-4577 (PHP-CGI argument injection), CVE-2022-24847 (GeoServer JNDI). Also in the top 10: CVE-2022-42475, CVE-2022-22947, CVE-2020-8958.

    Remediation

    • Block web access to sensitive paths such as .env, phpinfo.php and .aws/credentials, and enforce good secrets discipline for developers.
    • Patch and harden the exposed software above (PHPUnit, TP-Link Archer AX21, ThinkPHP, PHP-CGI, GeoServer); replace compromised TP-Link devices.
    • Use the distinctive User-Agent artifacts and the netblock for detection and labeling.