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ESET documents an intrusion at a Ukrainian grain logistics company in which UAC-0099 gained initial access on July 16th, 2025 via a spearphishing email with a malicious attachment, then handed access off to Sandworm. Sandworm carried out a data-wiping attack on September 17th, 2025. A day after initial access, the attackers deployed Mythi…
ESET researchers observed the Russia-aligned group UAC-0099 embedding a decoy request for guidance on building a nuclear weapon in a comment inside a VBScript used in the early stages of an attack on a target in Ukraine. The comment was meant to trigger the safety guardrails of an LLM-powered code scanner so that it stops inspecting the f…
ESET Research reports that the China-aligned APT group FamousSparrow has been using a new modular C++ backdoor, SparroWocky, since at least August 2025. The backdoor has replaced SparrowDoor as the group's main implant. From mid-2025 into 2026, about 90% of the group's targets in ESET telemetry were in Latin America, mostly governmental e…
ESET analysis describes how modern phishing and social engineering have shed the classic tells (poor grammar, suspicious URLs, crude login pages) and increasingly target live sessions and authentication tokens rather than passwords. Cybercrime-as-a-service phishing kits and AI tooling lower the cost of tailored, rapport-building lures. Ac…
A modular phishing campaign targets YouTube creators with personalized sponsorship offers from fake brand representatives. One variant impersonates Hollyland, a maker of wireless video transmission equipment, and also Nike and Spotify. Victims are led through a convincing fake collaboration platform to a bogus "Sign in with Google" page t…
ESET documented the evolution of MATCHBOIL, a custom C downloader used by the Russia-aligned cyberespionage group UAC-0099. Samples span April 2024 to April 2026, although CERT-UA first documented the malware in August 2025. Each iteration became more sophisticated, with new obfuscation, sandbox checks and persistence methods. All victims…
